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Addison’s disease occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and, in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may develop in children as well as adults, and may occur as the result of a large number of underlying causes.

Addison’s disease is a uncommon disorder in which the adrenal gland produces insufficient amounts of steroid hormones. Addison’s disease is also called chronic adrenal insufficiency, hypocortisolism or hypocorticism. The disease is characterized by weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue, low blood pressure, and sometimes darkening of the skin in both exposed and nonexposed parts of the body. In Addison’s disease, your adrenal glands produce too little cortisol, which is one of the hormones in a group called the glucocorticoids. 

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Although adrenocortical carcinoma is rare in adults, it is even more uncommon in children.

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. Adrenocortical carcinoma has no racial predilection. Also called adrenocortical cancer and cancer of the adrenal cortex. Adrenal carcinomas arise from the adrenal cortex and are bilateral in up to 10% of patients. The cause is unknown. About 2 people per million develop this type of tumor. Adrenocortical carcinoma has a bimodal occurrence, with the first peak in the first decade of life and the second peak in the fourth to fifth decades of life. Risk factors for adrenocortical carcinoma include having the following hereditary diseases: Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Carney complex.

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